Tourism in Myanmar Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3000 words

Tourism in Myanmar - Essay ExampleThe case of Myanmar is hotshot which shows how negative impressions of traditional media have led to a lack of tourism. The conditions of the land ar known for political unrest, tyranny and social communism, all which have stopped the tourist industry. Currently, Myanmar is interested in opening the doors to tourism, specifically to build the economy and to wear out a global openness required. The need to change the tourist perspectives however, is limited by the negative impressions. To change this, the use of social media can be use with strategies that develop positive impressions on the cultural and social activities that one can enjoy in the region. By creating a social media strategy, there will be the ability to reach a larger target market while creating interactions and developments with the tourism and travel industry. Introduction The ability to reach current target markets is one which is no longer dependent on brick and mortar store s and traditional advertising. To reach the needed areas, there is the need to create more alternatives with the use of online marketing, specifically with the current trends that are available. Social media is one of the areas which invites new opportunities for advertising while ensuring that the correct target market is met. This paper will look at the marketing of a mystical country, Myanmar, with the use of social media. ... The problems with the country are found on multi faceted perspectives that come from the political and social agendas that are in the area. The problems are based on political issues, interests and agendas that have turned tourists away from the region. Many look at the area as corrupt while other tourists do not regard the place as a destination because of the political and cultural system. The ability to be open for tourism is not a primary equal in the area, making it difficult for travelers to move through the region while finding the best outlets fo r the travel desired. These particular problems are continuous with the references such as the area being the land of fear, specifically because of the political regime and social closure that is surrounding the area (Henderson, 2010). The development of Myanmar to the current date is one which is go on to follow this trend, leading to a large number of individuals to not travel into the area. The socialist economy and political agenda is followed by the closure within the country for travel. However, the current changes into a global economy and into alterations with the political and economic system are also indicating that there is the need to open Myanmar to travel and to alter the political and economic perspectives of the country (Toshihiro, 2010). In current years, they have opened to tourism with the recognition that Burma needs to expand into offering more opportunities for expansion in this area. The execution has opened to an average of 3,000 from China visiting the are a in 2011, which is a 33% increase from past years. The global number of visitors has increased to 792,000 travelers, which is inclusive of a

Benefits of Distance Learning Essay Example for Free

Benefits of Distance Learning EssayThe benefits of remoteness culture are apparent as distance learning aims at meeting students needs. The offered outline is composed according to students needs and abilities. The most important factor affecting more future students who are willing to study is financial problems. Therefore firstly they consider financial benefits of any type of learning. Ability to take part-time course along with strength to save money plays an important role in choosing studying course.Students having financial problems withal consider benefits in time management and distance learning gives the opportunity to study when it is convenient for a student. Therefore time management benefits have to follow financial ones. Furthermore, effectiveness of studying process is also a matter of concern for future students. Ability to correspond with teachers and other students via e-mail, telephone and chat rooms offers wide range of studying opportunities. Constan t overture to on-line libraries and data bases affects students choice.Students having full-time and part-time jobs would be able to pass exams during their available time. Finally, social benefits take the last place, because considerations about financial and studying benefits are more important in modern society as education is very expensive and one firstly thinks abut the ability to pay for the course and only then about the opportunities to lead social life. References Distance Learning Benefits. (2005). Retrieved October, 27, 2006, from http//www. distance-learning-college-guide. com/distance-learning-benefits. html

Edward R. Murrow - The Father of Broadcast Journalism Essay Example for Free

Edward R. Murrow The Father of Broadcast Journalism EssayThe movie not bad(predicate) Night and Good Luck portrays the early 1950s when the States experienced the threat of communism that created fear amongst Americans. There were even some who took advantage of such(prenominal) situations such as Senator Joseph McCarthy of Wisconsin. But there was one person who knew of his scheme and did everything to expose his deception amongst the people, this was Edward Murrow. This film showed his and his producers pursuit to expose the law.The bravery and determination of Edward Murrow to reveal the the true by the work of media made him cognise as the father of broadcast journalism. The bravery of Edward Murrow to deliver only the truth to his viewing audience was one of the reasons why he was well known during the 1950s. This movie showed how far Murrow would go just to reveal the truth. He did not consider the danger that would rally with his plan to expose the public decepti on of Senator McCarthy. Being a journalist and a democrat, he had in him the drive to let the public know the truth no matter what (MURROW, EDWARD R.U. S. Broadcast Journalist).Because of this dedication, people saw him as a person who upholds public service at its best until now, he is known for his bravery in exposing the truth. The pursuit of Edward Murrow to expose the truth about the public deception of Senator McCarthy showed his determination to reveal the truth and save his fellow Americans. Murrow made use of his resources to uncover the truth behind the communism threat to America imposed primarily by Senator McCarthy.When chaos was dominating the society, Murrow knew that he had to do something to bring bandaging the peace among the people. He served as the voice of the people, exposing information after information of the truth behind the red scare that started chaos all over America (Jeff, n. d. ). Edward Murrow not only served as a journalist who wanted to reveal the truth, but most importantly he served as a hero for the Americans in their time of crisis. He did not think of the danger that he would encounter in his pursuit to expose the truth.He believed that the people deserve to know the truth and, him being a journalist, he knows that it is his job to deliver the truth to the public. Because of his bravery and dedication to his work, he was acknowledged by journalists as a person to project up to and an epitome of journalistic excellence (MURROW, EDWARD R. U. S. Broadcast Journalist). These and many more are the reasons why Edward Murrow is regarded as the father of broadcast journalism.

Actplan Limited: Fleet Management Engineering Functions

Actplan Limited Fleet Management Engineering FunctionsBy Nassim BouhbalThe centralisation of Actplan limitedfleet management engineering functionsThe world of organizations has al counselings been confronted with major flip-flops. These changes, varied, can take several recurring forms and are publicly agnisen as reorganization, restructuring or even revitalization.In this perspective, the company Actplan is faced with an internal problem of importly in the logistics, which creates loss and waste of resources. This is compounded by conflict and ignorance of the staff who no longer know what role to play.Thereby, the report that follows provides a general solution to the change required by the young chief operating officer, which is to centralize the system VFMS into the corporate headquarter, and to dismiss some of the staff. Thus, the method of change of Kurt Lewin lead be utilize for this case and the plan pull up stakes be mainly oriented towards communication, abridgme nt as well as the training.Further that, since a change manager allow not be able to do this plan on his own, the creation of a squad and a saucy change manager have been approved. Thus, the analysis made on the different behaviour required of the individuals. Allowed us to compose this team using the method of Belbin team roles. Thereby, the new change manager will be a Coordinator, while the team will consist of a Plan, a Monitor evaluator, a Resource investigator, and an implementer.I. adjustment management I.1. Reason for changeActplan is a multinational engineering company with a divisional structure specialized in the manufacture of electrical components for domestic and industrial use. The company is separate into several districts that have full control everyplace their geographic area and are headed by division managers. These ones manage the technical, marketing, financial and commercial aspects, and are directly responsible to the general manager in the corporate he adquarters. There is thus both a great autonomy of the different districts and a vigorous centralization of the powers around the divisional managers.Figure 1 Actplan company organisationThe main mission of each division is the distribution and marketing and maintenance of the different products in their respective regions while managing the administrative aspects proper to them.However, after the former CEO retired and the set up a new CEO has been done, this one has demonstratees to an evaluation of the whole company, so the financial reports showed gaps in the resulting division resulting in the waste of resources and loose of money. With cross intent on the logistics side where resources are used randomly and without control.I.2.Type and backcloth of changeSince the ideas are initiated by the hierarchical summit organizing and planning the process of innovation. We can conclude that the process of change is of the top down type. In this case, the CEO will take the steps an d promulgate measures to obtain the participation of the actors concerned.Figure 2 Top down diagramIn this perspective, in order to part his vision of the situation as well as the purpose of change, the group meeting that brought together the CEO and the different managers of the DHQ and CHQ concluded that the main changes will be broad stakeholders benefits with transparent streamlined businessCentralisation of a new VFMS and fleet acquisitions and removing the old system.Transfer of functions from DHQs to CHQ.2 years change transition.I. 3. The change management get downBeing designate for change, the head start step before starting the change process itself, must be an interrogation on the definition of the goals and the relevance of the change. why change? What ambition to aim for?This step of observation concerns the preliminary analysis of the situation, with briefings with the project manager or the CEO, or We will seek to determine what we necessitate to change and how far the change must go, how This is likely to solve the problems found and to improve the degree of adaptation and efficiency of the organization These aspects relate in particular to the organizational diagnosis.According to Autissier and Moutot (2003) there are two criteria for characterizing changes, so they consider that change is defined according to its intentionality and rhythmthe criterion of intentionality (voluntary vs. imposed)the criterion of temporality (brutal vs progressive)The meeting of the axes progressive / brutal and imposed / voluntary allows to identify 4 types of change that we can see in this intercellular substance. Table 1 Type of change matrixThus, taking into account the situation of our study case, the change will be prescribed, in the sense that it is imposed by the CEO and progressive over a period of 2 years.Also. According to Kurt Lewin, the whole process of change follows roughly a progression that can be described in three main phases (Figure 3), t his tool will be used for the change management process in this case of study.Figure 3 Kurt Lewin change processThe keywords and the main process for each step areUnfreeze Helping actors understand change and its causes Informing about objectives and issues. Expect a resistivity.Transition Help actors to change listen, understand, support, encourage, accompany, contestation and respond. Put in place the necessary training facilities.Refreeze Supporting individuals in their new roles. Encourage reflection on learning and change. Celebrating Success and Behaviours.I .4. miscellanea management processa-The unfreezeThe first interpret of the unfreeze, begins with a large communication campaign plan (Annex 1), for this purpose, each DHQ and CHQ manager has the task of communicating the ongoing events for his team, the purpose of this manoeuvre is to reduce mistrust and stress regarding the new CEO in a way where it remains a new mysterious soulfulness for the staff of the company, unlike managers who collaborate with them longer.During these communication sessions, we handed out to managers a survey for all employees of the organization. This self-administered survey is composed of closed-ended questions, with a cover letter, providing the necessary recommendations for responding, including namelessness and confidentiality.The survey consists of five parts (Annex 2) the first one looks at the working environment The second on changes, and the third on general issues related to the workplaceThe results of these survey will be counted and treated later to find points of the old system failure and to see emotions as well as to maintain potential resistance. In addition to meeting the reality of the environment, several meetings took place with the matrimony and the members of the committee. These meetings aimed at ensuring consistency between the survey and the organizational reality.b- TransitionThe transition stage is the most delicate step of the change, in the way where it is here that the communication plan put in place will be implemented.Following the CEOs recommendation, the first change was to centralize the VFMS system, thus controlling the logistics fleet will be supervised by the CHQ with the mission of tracking different lorries, as well as support for maintenance operations, by installing GPS tag and a GSM Diagnostic System in each truck.However, this change will greatly alter the way the engineers works in each DHQ. The biggest fear is the use of a centralized system for people who have been working independently for a long time. The utilization of this system leads to fears for both good and bad engineers especially that we are in a transition phase where the worst engineers are afraid because they will be controlled and the best are afraid of the new technology.Even for the staff of the CHQ where the new system will be installed, it will bring a new unknown task to all, which will generate fear, stress and the anguis h of spending more hours to work.At this level of the transition and before starting the training of the new system, forms of resistance can be imposed and creates conflicts, especially with the potential for the imminent dismissal of the staff. Thus, the brief observation phase that will follow in collaboration with the gentle resources of each division will bring to light the disruptive elements that will totally contradict the new system. This denial will be mainly in the form of absenteeism and refusal of collaboration those will have to be decommissioned according to the CEOs recommendations, the idea is that the training of these elements will be a waste of money and time. On the separate hand, the development of an early retirement formula for employees aged 50 and over with at least 20 years of seniority will be negotiated with the union so that we will save time as the training of older people will take longer.Having the field clear, the training phase on the new VFMS sys tem and the accompaniment of the staff will begin. Training the most important step in change projects because this brings knowledge about the current change in the project, technology that come with it and understanding to the future role, so the methodology of training needs to be adapted to peoples, their roles and their functions.Thus, E-learning or distance learning, maybe a technical opportunity for this project. In fact, this method brings, many advantages-It adapts to the constraints of time and the organization of each one.-It allows to work autonomously and independently.-It develops the spirit of curiosity and research.-The cost of training is reduced (booking class rooms, change of location trainers).-It avoids transport costs due to geographical distance.c- RefreezeDuring this stage, new practices become natural. They integrate in the person and in the context. Now is the time to make adjustments so that equalizer problems do not compromise the results obtained. The a im here is to reinforce the changes made and to make them resistant to possible changes or regressions.In conducting change, observing these phases come acrosss better chances of exploit and is part of a rather participatory mode of change. It makes it possible to target the actions undertaken according to the stage in which we are located.Thus, the template in Annex 3 summarise the change management plan and the new company organisation will be as shown in the following figure.Figure 4 rising Actplan organisationA change manager cannot plan change by himself. In order to achieve this transformation, the manager has to be surrounded with the necessary resources passim this phase, thus creating a team that will help and support change is mandatory. Moreover, in this case being close to the withdrawal of the current manager, a new replacement has to be set up in order to continue the procedures after the departure of the enclosureIn this circumstance, it is necessary from the outs et to work fast with the human resource department and the Belbins methodology, with one main aim being to detect leadership.II.1. The definition of a leaderThe leader is the one who possesses a strong potential who can be subjected to experiments to develop this potential. It has its own specificities that appears during the evolution at heart the company. Thus, the leader is the one who opens the way for individuals to make major changes. It is the who influences others through his credibility, ability and commitment.In our case study, the task of a leader is to produce the change. this task goes beyond the control, recruitment and problem solving It is about meeting the challenges in order to ensure growth, performance and learning, and he will be called upon to bring those around him to communicate change, adjust their values, modify their perspectives and to acquire new habits. To do so, he must detect opportunities and locate existing skills.II.2. Defining the new change man agerFollowing the definition above and following the Belbins team roles (Figure 5), the new change manager within the company will be designed following the test, the proper role for manager in this should be a coordinator, Thus the choice will be made among the potential leadership that will have the most concordance in this role by the test observer.Moreover. This new change manager will be designed at the early stage of the process change, to let him have all the knowledge about every step before the retirement.II.3. The giving medication of a change management teamAt the start of the project, the manager will set up a change management team, which will be different from the functional team in charge of managing the project itself. The aim is to create a multidisciplinary and motivated team with the skills and competences to manage the change process over its entire duration group work capacity, degree of mastery of the project management culture, capacity of animation and espec ially negotiation.The creation of the change management team can only be done with internal resources, but the use of external providers is often necessary because external resources can be a warrant of objectivity and neutrality, and they have skills, Methods, and communication techniques that do not have internal resources.Thus, following the Belbin test, we should find resources can be useful in communication actions because they know the structure, can identify the right people, or be informed more quickly of possible obstacles.Finally, the typical change management team roles will be A Plan, a Monitor evaluator, a Resource investigator, and an implementer. With this configuration, we will have two cerebral roles for the planning and the monitoring and a one people orientated role for the investigation, and finally one action orientated roles for the execution.Figure 5 Belbins team rolesThe Communication Plan(Template source https//www.smartsheet.com/free-change-management-tem plates)The survey Sample(Template source http//www.hr-survey.com/EmployeeSurveyQuestions.htm) Change management plan(Template source https//www.smartsheet.com/free-change-management-templates)

Importance Of Self Reflection In Learning

Importance Of Self Reflection In LearningAbstractSelf reflection is maven of the important phases of learning. As a good traffic patterner, self reflection is essential in order to be a great graphic designer. The artwork that I had chosen is the indoctrinate magazine go on design of SMJK naan Hwa, Sitiawan that I had done during my internship at SIN grant BENG picture SDN BHD. SIN BOON BENG PRINTING SDN BHD is a printing comp any that provides a platform for people to have their own customization design for their own printing order especially the government didactics department like the primary trains, secondary schools, high schools, colleges and others. The free radical of the school magazine even up for this year was to revise from the past and learn something new. The concept of the cover design is to design the cover that suits their theme. Besides, the client also wanted the oriental feel in the cover design mainly because of the identity of the school. In this ess ay, I will be evaluate and examine myself through this artwork. This essay will be focusing on evaluating the influences on my design styles, design theories application, the design trends, nicety of the context, ethics and so on. Besides, I will also reflecting myself on the design works. I will explain the weaknesses and problems that I had faced in the design work at. separately step of the design process will be explaining thoroughly in this essay.IntroductionAs a cognitionable graphic design graduate without any personal reflection from time to time, is not compatible to be a great designer. Self reflection is a form of personal response to the drives, situations, events or even the surroundings that happened around us. The reflective essay squirt be considered as a mirror that reflects our own personalities and the growth process in us. This is really crucial to everyone especially a designer like us. Reflective essay helps to find out our own personality, ability, desig n style and others. It can be considered as a processing phase where opinion and learning take place and it will help us to be a greater designer in the future.Therefore, the artwork chosen for this reflective essay is the school magazine cover design of SMJK Nan Hwa, Sitiawan for the year 2010. This artwork was produced during the fourteen weeks of internship at SIN BOON BENG PRINTING SDN BHD. As one of the member of SIN BOON BENG PRINTING SDN BHD, I was assigned to do the school magazine cover design for SMJK Nan Hwa, Sitiawan. This is one of the designs that I had given one hundred percent freedom in doing the design based on the clients requirements which means I did the design individually. all time I start a design, I like to do some brainstorming and mind mapping for further idea generation. Since the school magazines theme is given by the school, I tried to find the denotative and connotative meaning of the theme. Besides, I also did some research on the layout design in or der to do a better cover design for the school. I tried to refer to the resources of the company and also some previous design they had did for the school to gain some inspiration. Once I had done with the cover design, I showed it to my supervisor before it is shown to the client. I had done few designs for the school. The final artwork that had chosen is mainly because I was able to create the bond between the design and the theme. My supervisor and mentor had given me some comments for improvements during the design process.This assignment was actually kinda challenging. This is because I need to think about the idea and concept all by myself. My supervisor and mentor just gave me some opinions and comments to improve my design. I was not given any guidance to do the design except the clients requirements. In this assignment, I had tried very hard to implement the knowledge that I had learnt in the university. After I did the design, the final artwork was email to the client and the client was quite satisfied about it.Scope of studyThis study focuses on evaluating and examines the reflecting process on my artwork. This report attempts to present a preview of developments and the involvement in the general area of design process development. Therefore it will address issues much(prenominal) as design methodologies, markets design trend, application of knowledge and others. The development process will be addressed through different features of case studies, design theories and methodologies in this essay. This study summarizes some of the information, as well as information from the previous artworks, in an attempt to illustrate the evolution of my design growing process. It reviews, as well, researches, knowledge and experiences that brought changes in my design charge.Objectives/ Aims of essaySelf reflection is a very important phase for everyone especially a young designer like me. It is exceedingly beneficial to students development and provides a g reat value in students graduated life. Those students who are well equipped and managed to done well during this phase probably major power have a great success in their career life. It also prepared us to face the real industry working environment and garner us understand other strengths and weakness so that we can improve ourselves and prepared ourselves for a better future. Self reflective writing indirectly develops our hyper lively thinking and making us to consider the comments or critics of our design so that we can improve about it. The objectives of self reflective essay are as followingsTo provide us an opportunity to practice, evaluate and examine our knowledge in our learning process.Through self reflections, we are able to gain practical experience that is related to our course and yet enhance our basic skills that have been learnt in university through this self reflection session. Further more, through this self reflection session, we had a chance to implement wha t we have learned in the class and yet we are able to learn even more no matter in design sense or skills throughout this session.To equip ourselves.It is essential that every designer should cultivate self reflection in our design life so that our circumstantial thinking, creativities and skills will be improved in the passage of time. Learning is a life-long process. Learning through our own mistakes and experiences even required more time and more difficulties because we need to evaluate ourselves and learn from our mistakes. It also helps to speed up the learning process of how our knowledge could be applied in the reality.To develop our critical thinking and enhance our creativities.Critical thinking is a mindset that is able to conceptualize, apply, analyze, synthesize, and/or evaluate information through observations, experiences, reflections, reasoning, or communications. Self reflections help to develop our critical thinking whereby we are able to process the information, comments or critics and accept it with ordinary mindset. We are able to accept every critic and listen to the comments around us. We are also able to analysis the comments and critics in order to improve ourselves for a better future.Rationale of essayThe study of reflecting ourselves on the graphic design and multimedia field through previous artworks can be a learning paradigm in the higher level to enhance our knowledge and communication skills as well. This is not only basic education be learned by todays students but acquisition of learning skills and knowledge for gainful employment and full federation in countrys society. The essays goal is designed to help students improve academic competence, develop employability skills, implement a career plan and participate in a career pathway in preparation for post secondary education or careers in the graphic design and multimedia field after graduating. This goal can be achieved through the self reflection process that can guide an d evaluate ourselves and try to learn from the mistakes. The output of this study is a source poppycock that the teachers can assimilate and disseminate by diffusion and induction technique.Problem StatementIn every design process, there are always legion(predicate) problems occurred during the design phase. I had several problems in designing the school magazine cover. The school had provided their own theme design in a circle lick and they requested to remain it. As the result, I had limited to do a circle design on the surrounding of the theme. As the logo design for the school theme is in white colour, I need to consider the suitable colours for the cover. Besides, the client requested to have the oriental feel on the cover and yet can bring up the theme. In order to solve the problems, I did a lot of research on the oriental at first. I also did the research on the theme of the school where it actually came from Confucius, to learn something new from the past.

Rio De Janeiro Host The Summer 2016 Olympic Games Tourism Essay

Rio De Janeiro Host The Summer 2016 exceptional Games Tourism EssayRio de Janeiro is the endorsement whackingst urban center in Brazil, the third largest urban bea in South America and the main tourist destination in the Southern Hemisphere, universe the jump South Ameri chiffonier city to ever drove the number is a gigantic responsibility. The population of the city of Rio de Janeiro, which has an area of 1,182.3square kilometers, is about 6,100,000. The population of the great metropolitan area is lookd at 11 to 13.5million. It was Brazils capital until 1960. In 2009, Rio was elected to host the summer 2016 surpassing Games, winning the election against Chicago, Madrid and Tokyo. The sports competitions allow amaze place on Barra da Tijuca situated on the west side of the city, Copacabana on the south zone, and Mara deal and Deodoro on the north side. It may be considered a great accomplishment for the city, merely some may disagree that Rio de Janeiro is not fit a nd does not harbour financial and secure conditions to be the main focus of the reality in 2016. This essay might be of great interest to the people animated in Rio and sports fan all around the world supply on watching the majestic Games, as it describes in the first place the citys geography to host the games. Also this idea might be of interest to people that question if Rio nominate prosperedly host much(prenominal) a big circumstance without any casualties and give the city in general benefit from being the center of attention worldwide. The topic is as well important for the city which has started planning and making budgets, looking forward for being a successful host, a great amount of bills mustiness be invested in yearn term repair in areas and general sports facilities as wholesome as security. Brazilian people are also know for having a great passion for sports and there was a big celebration when Rio was announced to host the games as people want to s how the world that Rio is adequate of holding such(prenominal) an important event. Controversies regarding Rio being the host for the surpassing Games arise as the city is constantly regarded as un-safe due to the high rates of criminalities and do drugs dealing taking place in the favelas or shanty towns. It is also worth writing about how Rio mess benefit from all this development and planning as well as tourism generated from the Olympic Games as other(a) controversies state that the money spent in investment for hosting should be instead invested in education and the frugality of the city for further development. The topic will be to a greater extent foc utilize on how will the city invest on vast term plans and solutions to problems, how will the event be evenly distributed through Rio and how will it be good for Rio in the future. Rio de Janeiro may be considered then intimately repugn city to judge and make a omen if it has the capacity of hosting the biggest sports e vent in the world. Barcelona, Sydney, Vancouver, and London are considered to be more developed as they are located in More Economically Developed Countries and guide more developed infrastructure as well as taking efficient anti-terrorism methods.Although the city is considered a great tourism tropical destination, studies reveal that the city lacks infra-structure, educational means and is affected by great poverty with a large flesh of the population living in slums. Due to these details, a part of the population demanded the money to be invested in those means helping the city develop, instead of mental synthesis sports facilities. It is also estimated that by 2016, the whole nation is capable of eradicating extreme poverty, however for this to happen Brazil must maintain its developing process shown in the start five years. Counter claims may argue that the Olympic Games will bring an excessive amount of profit due to tourism and sponsoring as well as jobs being generated (the city also show signifi dopet amounts of unemployment). The government however states that all security and geographical issues were presented to the Olympic committee and was approved almost unanimously, being confident in the long term plans as seven years of supply seem enough. Another research, states that Rio will contend to achieve a post made by the UN that states must decrease levels in poverty by 50%. There is a lot of statistical data that implies that Rio de Janeiro will manage to achieve sustainable levels of economy, and poverty by the end of 2016, however measures must be taken and the process of development shown in ult years must be maintained. 50% of the events will take place on Barra da Tijuca, which is a developed area, with less(prenominal) poverty and almost no slums as well as a wide space and facilities built from the Pan-American games. The transport system is also well developed with a network of trains, buses and sub elans linked to other sides of Rio where other events are going to take place. Promises were made to the Olympic committee that the Guanabara Bay and Rodrigo de Freitas Lagoon will be cleaned sp water sports can be held. A sens train linking Rio de Janeiro and So Paulo was also presented to the committee which will play a big role in the transport system if introduced originally the Olympic games.Recent researches and statistics show that there are more than one thousand favelas spread through out the city with the majority of them being located on the north side (Zona Norte). Also a statistical office indicates that 20 to 30% of the population living in Brazil, live in a slum. This can be significant data while analyzing the city for hosting the games as each slum is dominated by drug dealers and delinquency and safety around them can become an issue for the development of Rio until 2016. For the development to be maintained, the city must invest in a crucial factor which is safety. Safety is considered weak in almost every event held although casualties regarding them are rare. For the games to be hosted in the north zone of the city for example, which is considered to be one of the highest rates of criminality in the world due to drug dealing and poverty, long term measures must be taken. An example of long term plan by the government which already started to be implemented in 2009 is the UPP (Unidade de Policia Pacificadora) is a unit of the military and civil police designated to eradicate and exterminate drugs and arms. The UPP have been very successful just recently where a total of eight slums have already been pacified and are controlled by the government. The police which also have a history of corruption within the state, trading with dealers have been mobilized to end illegal dealings in the slums, with the intention of offering more safety by 2016. This method seems like the most appropriate measure in increasing the security issues of the city, and if it continues to devel op and spread throughout the city a significant change magnitude in safety will be applied to the event. The UPP would greatly help the city in the developing process for hosting the Olympic Games as studies made reveal that if every slum in the city is occupied by the government, an increase in 20% of the PIB (sum of financial production) which would represent 38 billions reais for the development of the city as well as an decrease of about 80% of criminality. This is the most efficient method of violence contingency shown and is the key for offering security during the Olympics, however it is a very hard task and taking into consideration past government activities, it will take probably more than seven years for it to be implemented with success. In almost one year that the UPPs were implemented a huge profit and efficiency was achieved with a significant decrease in violence in the surroundings, so in seven years of preparation for the Olympic Games, the governor of Rio Sergio Cabral guarantees that the wander will continue. further the government must not forget a big threat to security of Olympic Games, which is external terrorism. therefrom a certain amount of training is necessary and constant monitoring.Looking at the recent past, Rio de Janeiro has hosted an important event similar to the Olympic Games which was the Rio 2007 Pan-American games, and no problems were go about. The money was well invested and the games were a success by generating jobs ad tourist attractions. However the Olympic Games are a much bigger event with a wider change of activities therefore more space and planning must be taken into consideration. On the contrary of some people may think, the developing process to host the games can bring even more benefit and help the city show a significant growth internationally, as even more jobs can be generated as well as tourism. However, Rio currently really needs investment in security and education, so how can it benefit by ho sting the games? Firstly, the Olympic Games further increase the worlds awareness of the city. In capital of Red China, China, for example the number of headquarters for multi-national companies and large-scale domestic enterprises has multiplied ever since Beijing started its Olympic preparations. The preparations for the Olympic Games can also help update the functions of the city such as environment, transportation and infrastructure. Taking Beijing as an example, the Olympic introductory work will also ease the citys economic growth. Beijings GDP rose to 102.6 billion dollars in 2006, doubly as much as in 2001, as its GDP per capita exceeded 6300 dollars, also twice as much as in 2001. With this significant increase in the economy of the city, the number of tourists in Rio which is already very big may increase by more than 1.5 million. Another good past example, in the Winter Olympic Games in Vancouver, the benefits have been projected to be $10 billion. Another fact which can cause a great impact against Rio for hosting the game is the fact that the city is one of the 12 chosen to host the 2014 FIFA World Cup, and is considered to be not in the right path by the FIFA. Brazilian venues are falling behind schedules and little work has been carried out in the last 25 months afterwards the announcement, constructions and general repairs are late. Inspections have been held and it is proven that Rio along with other cities has not met the late(prenominal)lines of repairing stadium which are the main attraction of the World Cup. Upgrades in the main stadium are yet to start and are still lingering, which sounded an alert to the FIFA that Brazil is already late. Rio has managed to successfully host a World Cup in 1950 although conditions and requirements were less strict, and maybe with all these upgrades, constructions, jobs and increase in security for 2014, some of it may in fact be useful for the Olympics two years later. The city will gain infra-structu re and general increase in security and sports facilities with the world cup in 2014.Generally, not only in the case of Rio, revenue is generated for national companies, the find out of the city worldwide is improved and the flow of tourism is improved. But accelerated growth necessary in hosting the Olympic Games disrupts the long term town preparation of the city and cause long term negative effect. On the other side there are the costs for developing facilities necessary to host contrasting sports, as well as the financing for the Olympic village were the athletes must stay, with a significant amount of money being invested in transportation and security. However if the money is invested in schools, hospitals or other public, employment could still be created, sometimes even more and are considered permanent institutions. After the Olympic Games, sports facilities will have obviously less value will be less used and not so significant in helping the city and economy to develop. The employment and part of the benefit brought by the Olympic Games may be considered rather improvised as well as few significant long term growths linked with the games. Although there is a temporary boost in the output of the economy, in the long term there is barely some change. whence these temporary and necessary changes to host the Olympic games, can be of great use long term for example security. As the city invest on security and decreasing levels of criminality for the games, it helps to exterminate an old problem of the city which is the criminality. There are counter claims for this argument as all these improvements for changes including the UPPs are temporary and monitoring may decrease shortly after the Olympic Games. In the end, the money spent by tourists during the games might not be fitted to cover charge all costs even if they bring benefit to the city. Especially Rio needs to invest in public institutions and education, more than Vancouver and Sydney for ex ample. Although there are major problems and uncertainties a list of benefits can be made such as with world class facilities built future events may be held, new construction project generating jobs, spectators, sponsors and broadcasting make the city the center of attention worldwide, powerful marketing tool, increase reputation resulting in a long term benefit for economy, international recognition and etc. The country itself still needs to study how to do permanent public policies as no strategic planning happened in the Pan-American games. In the case of Rio, which still faces cases of prejudice and stereotype against low class civilians, jobs being generated can really fix an old problem in which people living in shanty towns face unsuitable living conditions, no access to sewage disposal and clean drinkable water with high levels of crimes, unemployment and low incomes. equitable recently, a very serious case of flooding took place in Rio. A natural disaster is a rare however alarming event in which developed cities are supposed to be prepared for. Rio de Janeiro is expected to cope with any sort of situation however in April 2010 the city faced the biggest flood in the history of Rio with an astonishing 288mm of precipitation in less than twenty four hours. A total of 95 people were confirmed dead mainly as a result of land slide and, of course, became news headline worldwide. It became clear that Rio did not support an appropriate infra-structure and was not prepared for such a disaster. The poverty surrounding the city was also highlighted as land slides in shanty towns killed and injured dozen of people, as well as interrupting some(prenominal) activities during two whole days. The government however states that it is impossible to maintain a controlled situation with such a huge amount of precipitation which was never seen before and especially when Rio is still going through a big process of development. International repercussion is common as it is clearly a matter of safety, and the spectators and athletes waiting so long and traveling so far for such an important event wants safety. Methods of future flood prevention are being studied, such as the creation of flood plains, winding streams and levees. Each method can contain drawbacks and a huge amount of effort however a good way to prevent future accidents.Rios Demographic transition model can be seen above with the central business district in the middle and a large area of Favelas in the surroundings. It is clearly not balanced and the games will be held around the CBD with a few exceptions through B. Below an urban morphology and characteristics map of Rio de Janeiro can be seen as the higher class districts and CBD is concentrated near the coastline with the suburbs in the rural area.As a conclusion, Rio de Janeiro has the conditions to host the summer Olympic Games with success, however it may not bring the expected amount of benefit. Seven years of planning and in troducing extreme measures to overcome major problems in the city will not be a problem. Significant increase and development regarding security, and economical growth in Rio de Janeiro has been shown in recent studies. Just recently Rio has hosted a big sports event which was the Pan-American games with great success and no casualties bringing even some benefit. The population in general has been very excited with the decision of the city for the host as it is already a tourist destination and improvement for the games will help the city in the future. However Brazilians in general shows great passion towards sports mainly soccer and shows great enthusiasm and cooperation when the result for Rio being the host was announced, and as a result can forget about some major issues the city need to take care of as a part of its development before making such a big investment for an event such as the Olympic games. In order for a conclusion to be made the goals for the city must be analyze d first. So, is it good for the city to unionize the Olympic games? For example Vancouver and London which are already considered developed and share a good outside image, having few ambitions and determination for growth may not achieve such a great improvement in their image and economy, and sports facilities and changes might be made redundant. However cities in development like Rio and Beijing may have the ambition of showing their development and improving their image and showing the world they are competitors to host other future events. Even internationally, it is questioned if Rio can host the Olympic Games, due to security reasons as one workweek after the announcement, fourteen people were killed and a chopper was shot down on a operation in a favela. However there is the argument that Brazil is not affected by terrorism, like London for example. For a successful prediction to be made if Rio can host the Olympic Games, the past major event hosted must be analyzed, which is the Pan-American games in 2007. The same argument that was used in the Pan-American games were used to convince the Olympic committee, that it was Brazils turn to show what is it capable of, one of the 10th largest economy in the world and a population that have and indefinite passion for sports. The aftermath of the Pan-American games did not quite show any transformation into a more modern, international and safer city. Promises were also made in 2007 that criminality would decrease, a new road system (via light) and 55km of subway lines would be introduced as well as cleaning up the Lagoon located in the concentre of the city and finally the Guanabara Bay, whose smell assails visitors driving into town from the international airport. Although hundreds of millions of dollars have been spent, the unpleasant smell persists and the bay remains a foul-smelling spot on the landscape. Chico Alencar, a respected Congressman from Rio and also a researcher for the enormous overspending at the Pan-American games revealed that the games ended up costing much more than the original estimate (about 180 million US dollars) and none of it was used to built the promised infrastructure projects. After the Pan-American games, the city came back to its original mess although a four week celebration was given to the people and athletes, and the same problems faced back in 2007 might be the same in 2016 but the sports event is even bigger. thusly there is a tendency that Rio will spend even more money on this bigger event, maybe halting the development of other areas in need. Brazil in general needs to learn from its past mistakes and areas of society must unite for no overspending. Finally, other questions rises when analyzing if Rio can host the Summer Olympic Games and can it benefit from it such as Can Rio learn from past mistakes (Pan-American games)? Can the city keep its promises for development? Will the infrastructure provided be sufficient for hosting such a big in ternational event? Will current issues such as security be a problem and can the city overcome it? These questions are still left unanswered, but Rio has been given a chance to prove critics wrong after an almost unanimous decision against more developed cities.Read more http//www.time.com/time/world/article/0,8599,1926094,00.htmlixzz0k9Ts0zcYhttp//geographylost.blogspot.com/2007/03/rio-de-janeiro-wish-i-had-found-this.html DTM mapshttp//en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2016_Olympicshttp//en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rio_de_janeiroGeographyhttp//pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Favelahttp//pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/FicheiroUrban_population_living_in_slums.svg fatos e figures de favelahttp//www.sober.org.br/palestra/12/11O481.pdfndice de Pobreza pode ser erradicado do Brasil em 2016http//www.ipea.gov.br/sites/000/2/comunicado_presidencia/100112Comunicado38.pdf prediction brazil-nut tree 2016 vai acabar pobrezahttp//mercadoetico.terra.com.br/website/wp-content/uploads/2009/03/grafico1.gif meta onuhttp//mercadoetic o.terra.com.br/website/wp-content/uploads/2009/03/grafico2.gifVEJA RIO magazine Operao Favela Livrehttp//en.beijing2008.cn/news/official/preparation/n214180326.shtml pequimhttp//minimaxblog.com/2010/03/costs-and-benefits-of-hosting-the-olympic-games/ costs benefitshttp//goodpoint.elc.polyu.edu.hk/print_list.php?mapid=2244list of benefitshttp//www.rio2016.org.br/pt/Rio2016/http//oglobo.globo.com/rio/mat/2010/04/06/rio-vive-pior-enchente-da-historia-916261532.asp floodhttp//www.telegraph.co.uk/sport/football/world-cup-2010/teams/brazil/7686639/World-Cup-2014-Fifa-sound-alarm-as-Brazilian-venues-fall-behind-schedule.html world cup

From Paleolithic to the Modern World :: World History

From Paleolithic to the Modern WorldBefore the existence of an sophisticated civilization many steps of evolution is required. The complex human society is maven of the best examples there is. For example the revolutionary steps from the Paleolithic and the Neolithic to the Modern World is filled with wonder and awe. However, the ascents involved is not that extraordinary if it is organism closely observed.Foremost, the Nomadic People of the Paleolithic Age depends heavily on the moving herds of animals for food and sometimes even clothing. Therefore, nomads of Paleolithic Age follow their preys and ladder with them as the various animals migrates as the season changes through out the year. Even though the nomads food source was usually abundant and finding of shelters were not more of a problem, but the ongoing journeys with the hunted animals provides little security against several other different big game predators, that preys upon both men and the animals nomads travel with. The biting environment nomads face gradually forced them to discover a much easier lifestyle. And that began the epoch of Neolithic or the New Stone Age. During the New Stone age people started to settle down and build their own shelters instead of dwelling in caves. Also the once nomads learned how to grow their own food. As a result population grew as life became easier and more bearable. The result of the population growth directly affected the early people in many ways. ane of them is that due to scarce food during the nomadic period, clans had to dispatch extra members when it reach to a certain number. However, with the much more settled society be release of extra members is no longer necessary. Therefore, more manual labors were available when needed.As the early people learned how to adapt and modify to the environment that they lived in, more advanced settlements began to emerge.